深入学习js瀑布流布局

WardLin 2020-05-15 我要评论

本文实例为大家分享了js瀑布流布局学习资料，供大家参考，具体内容如下

特点：等宽不等高。
实现方式：Javascript/Jquery/CSS3多栏布局。
样例网站：花瓣网-->分类

一、JS实现瀑布流

index.html:页面结构

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>瀑布流布局</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/layout.css">
</head>
<body>
  <div id="main">
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/0.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/1.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/2.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/3.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/4.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/5.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/6.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/7.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/8.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/9.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/10.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/11.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/12.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/13.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/14.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/15.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/16.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/17.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/18.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/19.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/20.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/21.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/22.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/23.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/24.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/25.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/26.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/27.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/28.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/29.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/30.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/31.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/32.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/33.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/34.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/35.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/36.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/37.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/38.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/39.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/40.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/41.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/42.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
    <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/43.jpg" alt=""></div></div>
  </div>
  <script src="scripts/waterfall.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

layout.css:页面元素样式

*{
  pdding:0;
  margin:0;
}
div#main{
  position: relative;
}
div.box{
  padding:15px 0 0 15px;
  float: left;
}
div.pic{
  padding:10px;
  border:1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius:5px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc;
}
.pic img{
  height:auto;
  width:165px;
}

waterfall.js

window.onload=function(){
  waterFall('main','box');
  //模拟后台相应数据json
  var dataInt={
    "data":
    [
     {"src":"0.jpg"},
     {"src":"1.jpg"},
     {"src":"2.jpg"},
     {"src":"3.jpg"},
     {"src":"4.jpg"},
     {"src":"5.jpg"},
     {"src":"6.jpg"}
    ]
  }
  window.onscroll=function(){
    if(checkScrollSlide){
      //将数据块渲染到当前页面的尾部
     var oParent=document.getElementById("main");
     for(var i=0;i<dataInt.data.length;i++){
       var oBox=document.createElement("div");
       oBox.className="box";
       oParent.appendChild(oBox);
       var oPic=document.createElement("div");
       oPic.className="pic";
       oBox.appendChild(oPic);
       var img=document.createElement("img");
       img.setAttribute("src",dataInt.data[i]);
       img.src="pic/"+dataInt.data[i].src;
       oPic.appendChild(img);
     }
     dataInt=null;//清空数据块，防止无限加载
     waterFall('main','box');//对页面新元素进行布局渲染
    }
  }
}
function waterFall(parent,box){
  //将main下的class为box的所有元素取出来
  var oParent=document.getElementById(parent);
  var oBoxs=getByClass(oParent,box);
  console.log(oBoxs.length);
  //计算整个页面显示的列数（页面宽/box宽）
  var oBoxW=oBoxs[0].offsetWidth;
  // console.log(oBoxW);
  var cols=Math.floor(document.documentElement.clientWidth/oBoxW);
  // console.log(cols);
  //设置main的宽
  oParent.style.cssText="width:"+oBoxW*cols+"px;margin:0 auto;"
  var hArr=[];//存放每列高度的数组
  for(var i=0;i<oBoxs.length;i++){
    if(i<cols){
      hArr.push(oBoxs[i].offsetHeight);
    }else{
      var minH=Math.min.apply(null,hArr);//获取当前数组最小高度值
      // console.log(minH);
      var index=getMinhIndex(hArr,minH);//获取数组最小高度的索引
      //console.log(index);
      oBoxs[i].style.position="absolute";//将之后的图片依次绝对定位
      oBoxs[i].style.top=minH+"px";
      oBoxs[i].style.left=index*oBoxW+"px";//计算新图片所在的位置并赋值
      hArr[index]+=oBoxs[i].offsetHeight;//变化数组列的高度值，因为加上了一张图片
    }
    //console.log(hArr);
  }

}
//根据class获取元素
function getByClass(parent,clsName){
  var boxArr=new Array(),//用来存储获取到的所有class为box的元素
    oElements=parent.getElementsByTagName("*");
    for(var i=0;i<oElements.length;i++){
      if(oElements[i].className==clsName){
        boxArr.push(oElements[i]);
      }
    }
  return boxArr;
}
function getMinhIndex(arr,val){
  for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
    if(arr[i]==val){
      return i;
    }
  }

}
//检测是否具备滚动条加载数据块条件
function checkScrollSlide(){
  var oParent=document.getElementById("main");
  var oBoxs=getByClass(oParent,"box");
  var lastBoxH=oBoxs[oBoxs.length-1].offsetTop+Math.floor(oBoxs[oBoxs.length-1].offsetHeight/2);
  var scrollTop=document.body.scrollTop||document.documentElement.scrollTop;//混杂模式和标准模式下的scrollTop获取
  //console.log(scrollTop);
  var height=document.body.clientHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight;//混杂模式和标准模式下的浏览器窗口高度获取
  return (lastBoxH<scrollTop+height)?true:false;//检测最后一个box高度是否小于滚动高度+窗口高度，返回布尔值

}

二、JQuery

$( window ).on( "load", function(){
  waterfall('main','pin');
  var dataInt={'data':[{'src':'1.jpg'},{'src':'2.jpg'},{'src':'3.jpg'},{'src':'4.jpg'}]};
  window.onscroll=function(){
    if(checkscrollside()){
      $.each( dataInt.data, function( index, value ){
        var $oPin = $('<div>').addClass('pin').appendTo( $( "#main" ) );
        var $oBox = $('<div>').addClass('box').appendTo( $oPin );
        $('<img>').attr('src','./images/' + $( value).attr( 'src') ).appendTo($oBox);
      });
      waterfall();
    };
  }
});

/*
  parend 父级id
  pin 元素id
*/
function waterfall(parent,pin){
  var $aPin = $( "#main>div" );
  var iPinW = $aPin.eq( 0 ).width();// 一个块框pin的宽
  var num = Math.floor( $( window ).width() / iPinW );//每行中能容纳的pin个数【窗口宽度除以一个块框宽度】
  //oParent.style.cssText='width:'+iPinW*num+'px;ma rgin:0 auto;';//设置父级居中样式：定宽+自动水平外边距
  $( "#main" ).css({
    'width:' : iPinW * num,
    'margin': '0 auto'
  });

  var pinHArr=[];//用于存储 每列中的所有块框相加的高度。

  $aPin.each( function( index, value ){
    var pinH = $aPin.eq( index ).height();
    if( index < num ){
      pinHArr[ index ] = pinH; //第一行中的num个块框pin 先添加进数组pinHArr
    }else{
      var minH = Math.min.apply( null, pinHArr );//数组pinHArr中的最小值minH
      var minHIndex = $.inArray( minH, pinHArr );
      $( value ).css({
        'position': 'absolute',
        'top': minH + 15,
        'left': $aPin.eq( minHIndex ).position().left
      });
      //数组 最小高元素的高 + 添加上的aPin[i]块框高
      pinHArr[ minHIndex ] += $aPin.eq( index ).height() + 15;//更新添加了块框后的列高
    }
  });
}

function checkscrollside(){
  var $aPin = $( "#main>div" );
  var lastPinH = $aPin.last().get(0).offsetTop + Math.floor($aPin.last().height()/2);//创建【触发添加块框函数waterfall()】的高度：最后一个块框的距离网页顶部+自身高的一半(实现未滚到底就开始加载)
  var scrollTop = $( window ).scrollTop()//注意解决兼容性
  var documentH = $( document ).height();//页面高度
  return (lastPinH < scrollTop + documentH ) ? true : false;//到达指定高度后 返回true，触发waterfall()函数
}

三、CSS多栏布局

.container{
  -webkit-column-width:160px;
  -moz-column-width:160px; 
   -webkit-column-gap:5px;
   -moz-column-gap:5px;
}


/*数据块 砖块*/

.container div{width:160px;
        margin:4px 0;}

【css3和js实现方法比较】
--css3方式--
1：不需要计算，浏览器自动计算，只需设置1列宽，性能高
2:列宽随着浏览器宽口大小进行改变，用户体验不好；
3：图片排序按照垂直顺序排列，打乱图片显示顺序
4.图片加载还是需要js
--js方式--
js实现的瀑布流不会有上面的缺点，但是性能相对要差！

深入学习js瀑布流布局

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