getatter()通过方法名字符串调用方法，这个方法最主要的作用就是实现反射机制，也就是说可以通过字符串获取方法实例，这样就可以把一个类可能要调用的方法放到配置文件里，需要的时候进行动态加载。
1: 可以从类中获取属性和函数
新建test.py文件,代码如下:
# encoding:utf-8
import sys
class GetText():
def __init__(self):
pass
@staticmethod
def A():
print("this is a staticmethod function")
def B(self):
print("this is a func")
c = "cc desc"
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(sys.modules[__name__]) # <module '__main__' from 'D:/脚本项目/lianxi/clazz/test.py'>
print(GetText) # <class '__main__.GetText'>
# 获取函数
print(getattr(GetText, "A")) # <function GetText.A at 0x00000283C2B75798>
# 获取函数返回值
getattr(GetText, "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
getattr(GetText(), "A")() # this is a staticmethod function
print(getattr(GetText, "B")) # <function GetText.B at 0x000001371BF55798>
# 非静态方法不可用
# getattr(GetText, "B")()
getattr(GetText(), "B")() # this is a func
print(getattr(GetText, "c")) # cc desc
print(getattr(GetText(), "c")) # cc desc
2:从模块中获取类(通过类名字符串得到类对象)
新建test1.py，代码如下:
#encoding:utf-8 import sys import test print(sys.modules[__name__]) # 从模块中获取类对象 class_name = getattr(test, "GetText") print(class_name) # <class 'test.GetText'> # 调用类的属性和函数 print(getattr(class_name, "A")) # <function GetText.A at 0x000001D637365678> # 获取函数返回值 getattr(class_name, "A")() # this is a staticmethod function getattr(class_name(), "A")() # this is a staticmethod function print(getattr(class_name(), "B")) # <bound method GetText.B of <test.GetText object at 0x0000022D3B9EE348>> # getattr(class_name, "B")() 非静态方法不可用 getattr(class_name(), "B")() # this is a func # 获取属性值 print(getattr(class_name, "c")) # cc desc print(getattr(class_name(), "c")) # cc desc
