思路:一般的思路可以通过RMAN进行数据的恢复。由于数据库可以停机，因此，这次试用数据泵(expdp，impdp)进行数据
的导入导出。
### 1.源数据库导出
通过编写导出shell脚本导出数据，如下:
`expdp_mangedb_full.sh`的脚本:
```
[oracle@arprac02 scripts]$ cat expdp_mangedb_full.sh
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=managedb2
export DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d%H)
expdp system/oracle directory=expbk logfile=managedb76_full_$DATE.log dumpfile=managedb76_full_$DATE.dmp full=y
```
`expdp_servdb_full.sh`的脚本:
```
[oracle@arprac02 scripts]$ cat expdp_servdb_full.sh
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=servdb2
export DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d%H)
expdp system/oracle directory=expbk logfile=servdb76_full_$DATE.log dumpfile=servdb76_full_$DATE.dmp full=y
```
以上，导出多实例的全库数据。
### 2.数据导入
确定导入指定的数据库实例，这里实践的是servdb数据库实例.全库的导入:它会导入表空间的建表过程，建立用户的过程，建立角色，建立同义词，建立表，视图，存储过程，dblink，job等等所有该有的东西。所以，如果导入过程中有报错，可以分析问题，逐一解决。
赋权建立导入导出备份目录
```
[oracle@db u01]$ mkdir dmpbackup
```
数据库中，赋权目录
```
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance;
SQL> create directory expbk as '/u01https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dmpbackup';
SQL> grant read,write on directory expbk to system;
```
导入的dmp文件权限放开
```
[root@db ~]# chmod -R 777 /u01https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dmpbackup/servdb76_full_2020031115.dmp
```
导入数据
```
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
impdp system/oracle directory=expbk dumpfile=servdb76_full_2020031322.dmp logfile=servdb76_full_20200313.log EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:\"IN \(\'SYSMAN\', \'SYSTEM\'\)\" EXCLUDE=STATISTICS
```
这里会有一个报错，`log`如下:
```
Failing sql is:
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS2" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/undotbs2.280.826877779' SIZE 209715200 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5242880 MAXSIZE 32767M BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
ORA-31684: Object type TABLESPACE:"USERS" already exists
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/no1task.329.827069307. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "NO1TASK" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/no1task.329.827069307' SIZE 4194304000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 268435456 MAXSIZE 32767M,'+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/no1task.6801.910947551' SIZE 32212254720 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 536870912
MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/mobileapp.397.827404615. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "MOBILEAPP" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/mobileapp.397.827404615' SIZE 1048576000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGMENT SPAC
E MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otf_platform.3693.842997461. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTF_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otf_platform.3693.842997461' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGME
NT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafilehttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/ds_model.32447.845631431. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "DS_MODEL" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafilehttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/ds_model.32447.845631431' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGMENT SPAC
E MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otfys_platform.385.878320405. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otfys_platform.385.878320405' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 67108864 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEG
MENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM135" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/datafile/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535' SIZE 67108864 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 33554432 MAXSIZE 10240M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOC
ATE SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
```
解决思路:手动建立表空间，[这里有一个细节，最后名字要一样，表空间必须保证足够大，要不然还会报错]
```
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS2" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/undotbs2.280.826877779' SIZE 209715200 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5242880 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "NO1TASK" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/no1task.329.827069307' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 268435456 MAXSIZE 32767M,'/u01/app/oradata/servdb/no1task.6801.910947551' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 536870912 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "MOBILEAPP" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/mobileapp.397.827404615' SIZE 1024M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTF_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otf_platform.3693.842997461' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "DS_MODEL" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdbhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/ds_model.32447.845631431' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otfys_platform.385.878320405' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 67108864 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM135" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535' SIZE 67108864 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 33554432 MAXSIZE 10240M;
```
这里，不记叙重复性的事情。后面由于三个示例，需要修改一下归档日志的位置。
三个数据库实例，
servdb实例的位置为【/u01/app/arch/servdb】
managedb实例的位置为【/u01/app/arch/managedb】
irc3db实例的位置为【/u01/app/arch/irc3db】
```
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/servdb
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/managedb
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/irc3db
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/arch/servdb' scope =both;
export ORACLE_SID=managedb
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/arch/managedb' scope =both;
```
重新开启归档模式
```
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;
```
