## 前言
本次爬取使用了代理IP，爬取全站为1个小时，当然也可以不用代理proxy，但是要设置爬取速度 time.sleep(5)
先附上完整代码，下面有详解
```python
import csv
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
import json
from lxml import etree
import requests
# 代理服务器
proxyHost = "http-dyn.abuyun.com"
proxyPort = "9020"
# 代理隧道验证信息
proxyUser = "HM89Z6WLA4F6N05D"
proxyPass = "C8CF37D06DBED9DB"
proxyMeta = "http://%(user)s:%(pass)s@%(host)s:%(port)s" % {
"host": proxyHost,
"port": proxyPort,
"user": proxyUser,
"pass": proxyPass,
}
proxies = {
"http": proxyMeta,
"https": proxyMeta,
}
headers = {"User-Agent": '{}'.format(UserAgent().random),
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Language": "en-us",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Accept-Charset": "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7"}
#-------- 获取 游戏名称 和 url ------------#
directory_url = 'https://www.douyu.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/directory'
Web = requests.get(directory_url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies).text
dom = etree.HTML(Web)
Game_urls_list = []
Game_names_list = []
for i in range(3, 13):
Game_names = dom.xpath('//*[@id="allCate"]/sectionhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/div[{}]/ul/li/a/strong/text()'.format(i))
Game_urls = dom.xpath('//*[@id="allCate"]/sectionhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/div[{}]/ul/li/a/@href'.format(i))
#--------------游戏名和游戏url放入新的列表，并分割游戏url（后面会用到）----------#
for Gn in Game_names:
Game_names_list.append(Gn)
for Gu in Game_urls:
G_url = Gu.split('_')[1]
Game_urls_list.append(G_url)
#----------把名字和url存入字典------------#
All_game = dict(zip(Game_names_list, Game_urls_list))
#----------依次取出字典的 key 循环----------#
for G_name in All_game.keys():
print("===========正在爬取========", G_name)
count = 1 # 因为不同游戏分区，爬取页数不一样，用count计数做一个灵活的爬取办法
for page in range(1, 350): #观察得一个游戏最多不会超过350页
# time.sleep(5)
base_api = 'https://m.douyu.com/api/room/list?page={}&type={}'.format(page, All_game['{}'.format(G_name)])
try:
response = requests.get(base_api, headers=headers, proxies=proxies, timeout=30, verify=False).text
except IOError:
pass
RoomList = json.loads(response).get('data').get('list')
if len(RoomList) > 1:
# 本页api有数据,count+1
count += 1
path = '/home/liuyang/Spider/Scrapy_Project/BS_Spider/Douyu/Info_Douyu2020-04-05-14:00.csv'
for room in RoomList:
GameName = G_name
RoomId = room.get('rid')
RoomName = room.get('roomName')
BlogName = room.get('nickname')
HotSpots = room.get('hn')
with open(path, "a+", encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f, dialect="excel")
csv_write = csv.writer(f)
csv_data = [G_name, RoomId, RoomName, BlogName, HotSpots]
csv_write.writerow(csv_data)
f.close()
print(G_name, RoomId, RoomName, BlogName, HotSpots)
else:
count -= 10
# 本页没有数据，count减去10，
# 因为前面只要有数据 count就会 +1，如果page=1 那么 count=2 ,page=2 则count=3......
# 一旦有一页（最后一页）没有数据，那么count -10 ，满足conut
