在平时的开发中，我们会经常遇到这样一个需求，要在页面通过一个『导出』按钮把查询出的数据导出到 Excel 表格中。本文即为实现上述需求的一个小实例。
本 Demo 是在 SpringMVC框架中实现。
export.jsp 很简单，就只有一个超链接。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>数据导出Excel测试界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/export.action" rel="external nofollow" >导出</a>
</body>
</html>
public class Person {
private String name;
private String age;
private String addr;
private String sex;
// set/get方法和构造器省略。。。
package com.export.action;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import com.export.pojo.Person;
/**
* 数据导出到Excel工具类
*
* @author zhang_cq
*
*/
public class ExportUtil {
/**
* 设置导出Excel的表名
*
* @return
*/
public String getSheetName() {
return "测试导出数据";
}
/**
* 设置导出Excel的列名
*
* @return
*/
public String getSheetTitleName() {
return "序号,姓名,年龄,居住地,性别";
}
/**
* 创建 sheet 的第一行,标题行
*
* @param sheet
* @param strTitle
*/
private void createSheetTitle(HSSFSheet sheet, String strTitle) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0); // 创建该表格(sheet)的第一行
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(4);
HSSFCell cell = null;
String[] strArray = strTitle.split(",");
for (int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++) {
cell = row.createCell(i); // 创建该行的第一列
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(strArray[i]));
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public InputStream getExcelStream(List<Person> personList) throws IOException {
// 创建一个 Excel 文件
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 创建一个表格 Sheet
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet(this.getSheetName());
// 创建 sheet 的第一行,标题行
// 行号从0开始计算
this.createSheetTitle(sheet, this.getSheetTitleName());
// 设置 sheet 的主体内容
this.createSheetBody(personList, sheet);
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
wb.write(output);
byte[] ba = output.toByteArray();
InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(ba);
return is;
}
private void createSheetBody(List<Person> personList, HSSFSheet sheet) {
if (personList == null || personList.size() < 1) {
return;
}
// 表格(sheet) 的第二行, 第一行是标题, Excel中行号, 列号 是由 0 开始的
int rowNum = 1;
HSSFCell cell = null;
HSSFRow row = null;
for (Iterator<Person> it = personList.iterator(); it.hasNext(); rowNum++) {
Person person = (Person) it.next();
if (person == null)
person = new Person();
row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
int i = 0;
cell = row.createCell(i++);
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(rowNum + ""));
cell = row.createCell(i++); // name
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(person.getName()));
cell = row.createCell(i++); // age
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(person.getAge()));
cell = row.createCell(i++); // addr
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(person.getAddr()));
cell = row.createCell(i++); // sex
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(person.getSex()));
}
}
}
package com.export.action;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.export.pojo.Person;
/**
* @author zhang_cq
* @version V1.0
*/
@Controller
public class ExportData {
/**
* 起始页面
*
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String login() {
return "index";
}
/**
* 导出Excel
*
* @author zhang_cq
*/
@RequestMapping("/export")
public String export(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 设置导出的编码格式，此处统一为UTF-8
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
// 设置导出文件的名称
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;filename=" + new String("数据导出Excel测试.xls".getBytes(), "iso-8859-1"));
// 模拟表格需要导出的数据
Person p1 = new Person("张三", "22", "北京", "男");
Person p2 = new Person("李四", "23", "济南", "女");
Person p3 = new Person("王五", "24", "上海", "男");
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<Person>();
personList.add(p1);
personList.add(p2);
personList.add(p3);
// 实际应用中这个地方会判断获取的数据，如果没有对应的数据则不导出，如果超过2000条，则只导出2000条
if (personList.size() == 0) {
PrintWriter print = response.getWriter();
print.write("没有需要导出的数据！");
return null;
}
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
BufferedInputStream bis = null;
BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
try {
ExportUtil dataExportUtil = new ExportUtil();
bis = new BufferedInputStream(dataExportUtil.getExcelStream(personList));
bos = new BufferedOutputStream(out);
byte[] buff = new byte[2048];
int bytesRead;
while (-1 != (bytesRead = bis.read(buff, 0, buff.length))) {
bos.write(buff, 0, bytesRead);
}
bos.flush();
} catch (final IOException e) {
System.out.println("数据导出列表导出异常！");
} finally {
if (bis != null) {
bis.close();
}
if (bos != null) {
bos.close();
}
}
return "export";
}
}
至此，就是Java将数据导出Excel文件格式的方法，更多关于这方面的文章请查看下面的相关链接
