junit.framework包下的Assert提供了多个断言方法. 主用于比较测试传递进去的两个参数.
Assert.assertEquals();及其重载方法: 1. 如果两者一致, 程序继续往下运行. 2. 如果两者不一致, 中断测试方法, 抛出异常信息 AssertionFailedError .
查看源码, 以Assert.assertEquals(int expected, int actual)为例:
/**
* Asserts that two ints are equal. 断言两个int是相等的
*/
static public void assertEquals(int expected, int actual) {
assertEquals(null, expected, actual);
}
可以看到里面调用了assertEquals(String message, int expected, int actual)方法:
/**
* Asserts that two ints are equal. If they are not
* an AssertionFailedError is thrown with the given message.
* 如果不抛出带有 message 的异常(AssertionFailedError)信息, 则表明两者相等
*/
static public void assertEquals(String message, int expected, int actual) {
assertEquals(message, Integer.valueOf(expected), Integer.valueOf(actual));
}
可以看到, 这里把int类型封箱成为Integer类型. 注释说, 会抛异常, 但这里没有. 没关系, 我们接着看里面调用: assertEquals(String message, Object expected, Object actual)方法:
/**
* Asserts that two objects are equal. If they are not
* an AssertionFailedError is thrown with the given message.
* 如果不抛出带有 message 的异常(AssertionFailedError)信息, 则表明两者相等(这里比较的是Object对象)
*/
static public void assertEquals(String message, Object expected, Object actual) {
if (expected == null && actual == null) {
return;
}
if (expected != null && expected.equals(actual)) {
return;
}
failNotEquals(message, expected, actual);
}
两个if语句, 判断了两者相等的情况: 引用(地址)相等或者内容相等. 如果这两种if情况都不命中, 那么表明1参和2参实际是不相等, 所以代码会往下执行failNotEquals(String message, Object expected, Object actual)方法，并在此方法中抛出异常, 接下来就比较简单了:
static public void failNotEquals(String message, Object expected, Object actual) {
fail(format(message, expected, actual));
}
public static String format(String message, Object expected, Object actual) {
String formatted = "";
if (message != null && message.length() > 0) {
formatted = message + " ";
}
return formatted + "expected:<" + expected + "> but was:<" + actual + ">";
}
/**
* Fails a test with the given message.
*/
static public void fail(String message) {
if (message == null) {
throw new AssertionFailedError();
}
throw new AssertionFailedError(message);
}
以上可以看出, 最终是由fail(String message)这个方法抛出异常信息!!
Assert.assertEquals()使用方法:
使用, 示例代码:
Assert.assertEquals(true, arry.contains("hello"));
Assert.assertEquals(39991L, aa.getLong("key3", 0L));
Assert.assertEquals(true, bb.getBoolean("key4", false));
Assert.assertEquals(5.3f, cc.getFloat("key5", 0.f));
Assert.assertEquals(99, dd.getInt("key6", 1));
Assert.assertEquals("如果打印本信息, 证明参数不相等", 10L, 10);
按照源码分析, 我们可以把一个预期结果作为1参传递进去. 2参传递我们需要测试的方法. 然后执行. 相等, 代码继续往下执行, 不相等, 中断执行, 抛出异常信息!!!
略作一提:
Assert.assertSame(Object expected, Object actual)方法:
查看源码, 其比较的是引用地址是否相等, 并没有对内容进行比较:
/**
* Asserts that two objects refer to the same object. If they are not
* the same an AssertionFailedError is thrown.
*/
static public void assertSame(Object expected, Object actual) {
assertSame(null, expected, actual);
}
/**
* Asserts that two objects refer to the same object. If they are not
* an AssertionFailedError is thrown with the given message.
*/
static public void assertSame(String message, Object expected, Object actual) {
if (expected == actual) {
return;
}
failNotSame(message, expected, actual);
}
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