爬取网址：http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/
使用工具：pycharm，requests
进入网页
打开开发者工具
点击 Network
刷新网页，获取信息
其中的Request URL就是我们所爬取的网址
滑到最下有一个User-Agent，复制
向服务器发送请求
200意味着请求成功
使用 response.text 获取文本数据
可以看到有些乱码
使用encode转换
import requests
url = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/'
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.82 Safari/537.36'
}
response = requests.get(url = url,headers=headers)
html = response.text
Html=html.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
print(Html)
接下来开始爬取需要的数据
使用Xpath获得网页链接
要使用Xpath必须先导入parsel包
import requests
import parsel
def get_response(html_url):
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.82 Safari/537.36'
}
response = requests.get(url = html_url,headers=headers)
return response
url = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/'
response = get_response(url)
html=response.text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
selector = parsel.Selector(html)
period_hrefs = selector.xpath('//div[@class="btn"]/a/@href') #获取三个时代的网页链接
for period_href in period_hrefs:
print(period_href.get())
可以看到网页链接不完整，我们手动给它添加上去period_href = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + period_href.get()
进入其中一个网页
跟之前的操作一样，用Xpath获取奥特曼的网页信息
for period_href in period_hrefs:
period_href = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + period_href.get()
# print(period_href)
period_response = get_response(period_href).text
period_html = parsel.Selector(period_response)
lis = period_html.xpath('//div[@class="ultraheros-Contents_Generations"]/div/ul/li/a/@href')
for li in lis:
print(li.get())运行后同样发现链接不完整
li = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + li.get().replace('./','')
拿到网址后继续套娃操作,就可以拿到图片数据
png_url = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + li_selector.xpath('//div[@class="left"]/figure/img/@src').get().replace('../','')
完整代码
import requests
import parsel
import os
dirname = "奥特曼"
if not os.path.exists(dirname): #判断是否存在名称为奥特曼的文件夹，没有就创建
os.mkdir(dirname)
def get_response(html_url):
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/98.0.4758.82 Safari/537.36'
}
response = requests.get(url = html_url,headers=headers)
return response
url = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/'
response = get_response(url)
html=response.text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
selector = parsel.Selector(html)
period_hrefs = selector.xpath('//div[@class="btn"]/a/@href') #获取三个时代的网页链接
for period_href in period_hrefs:
period_href = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + period_href.get()
period_html = get_response(period_href).text
period_selector = parsel.Selector(period_html)
lis = period_selector.xpath('//div[@class="ultraheros-Contents_Generations"]/div/ul/li/a/@href')
for li in lis:
li = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + li.get().replace('./','') #获取每个奥特曼的网址
# print(li)
li_html = get_response(li).text
li_selector = parsel.Selector(li_html)
url = li_selector.xpath('//div[@class="left"]/figure/img/@src').get()
# print(url)
if url:
png_url = 'http://www.ultramanclub.com/allultraman/' + url.replace('.', '')
png_title =li_selector.xpath('//ul[@class="lists"]/li[3]/text()').get()
png_title = png_title.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
# print(li,png_title)
png_content = get_response(png_url).content
with open(f'{dirname}\\{png_title}.png','wb') as f:
f.write(png_content)
print(png_title,'图片下载完成')
else:
continue
当爬到 奈克斯特奥特曼的时候，就会返回None，调了半天，也没搞懂，所以用if url：语句跳过了奈克斯特奥特曼，有没有大佬知道原因
url = li_selector.xpath('//div[@class="left"]/figure/img/@src').get()
