前后端分离的项目，遇到了对密码进行加密的情况，在前端或者是在后端加密都是可以的。但是从用户数据的安全性来讲，前后端是都需要进行加密的。后端不加密的话，数据库中存储明文密码，就可以从数据库窃取用户密码。前端不加密的话，在异步传输的过程中，就可以获取传输的明文密码，就会导致密码泄露。当然，加密算法有很多，这里我就简单介绍一下使用MD5进行加密吧。
1、在public下面新建一个MD5.js工具类
MD5 的内容：
var KEY = "!@#QWERT";
/*
* Configurable variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
* the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
*/
var hexcase = 0; /* hex output format. 0 - lowercase; 1 - uppercase */
var b64pad = ""; /* base-64 pad character. "=" for strict RFC compliance */
var chrsz = 8; /* bits per input character. 8 - ASCII; 16 - Unicode */
/*
* These are the functions you'll usually want to call
* They take string arguments and return either hex or base-64 encoded strings
*/
function hexMd5(s) {
return hex_md5(s);
}
function hex_md5(s){ return binl2hex(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function b64_md5(s){ return binl2b64(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function str_md5(s){ return binl2str(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function hex_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2hex(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
function b64_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2b64(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
function str_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2str(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
/*
* Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
*/
function md5_vm_test()
{
return hex_md5("abc") == "900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72";
}
/*
* Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
*/
function core_md5(x, len)
{
/* append padding */
x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
var a = 1732584193;
var b = -271733879;
var c = -1732584194;
var d = 271733878;
for(var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
{
var olda = a;
var oldb = b;
var oldc = c;
var oldd = d;
a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17, 606105819);
b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12, 1200080426);
c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 , 1770035416);
d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 , 1804603682);
d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22, 1236535329);
a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14, 643717713);
b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 , 38016083);
c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 , 568446438);
d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20, 1163531501);
a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14, 1735328473);
b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16, 1839030562);
b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11, 1272893353);
c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 , 681279174);
d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23, 76029189);
a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16, 530742520);
b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10, 1126891415);
c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 , 1700485571);
d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 , 1873313359);
d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21, 1309151649);
a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15, 718787259);
b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
a = safe_add(a, olda);
b = safe_add(b, oldb);
c = safe_add(c, oldc);
d = safe_add(d, oldd);
}
return Array(a, b, c, d);
}
/*
* These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
*/
function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
{
return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s),b);
}
function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}
/*
* Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data
*/
function core_hmac_md5(key, data)
{
var bkey = str2binl(key);
if(bkey.length > 16) bkey = core_md5(bkey, key.length * chrsz);
var ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
for(var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
}
var hash = core_md5(ipad.concat(str2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * chrsz);
return core_md5(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128);
}
/*
* Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
* to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
*/
function safe_add(x, y)
{
var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
}
/*
* Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
*/
function bit_rol(num, cnt)
{
return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
}
/*
* Convert a string to an array of little-endian words
* If chrsz is ASCII, characters >255 have their hi-byte silently ignored.
*/
function str2binl(str)
{
var bin = Array();
var mask = (1 << chrsz) - 1;
for(var i = 0; i < str.length * chrsz; i += chrsz)
bin[i>>5] |= (str.charCodeAt(i / chrsz) & mask) << (i%32);
return bin;
}
/*
* Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
*/
function binl2str(bin)
{
var str = "";
var mask = (1 << chrsz) - 1;
for(var i = 0; i < bin.length * 32; i += chrsz)
str += String.fromCharCode((bin[i>>5] >>> (i % 32)) & mask);
return str;
}
/*
* Convert an array of little-endian words to a hex string.
*/
function binl2hex(binarray)
{
var hex_tab = hexcase ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
var str = "";
for(var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i++)
{
str += hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i>>2] >> ((i%4)*8+4)) & 0xF) +
hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i>>2] >> ((i%4)*8 )) & 0xF);
}
return str;
}
/*
* Convert an array of little-endian words to a base-64 string
*/
function binl2b64(binarray)
{
var tab = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var str = "";
for(var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i += 3)
{
var triplet = (((binarray[i >> 2] >> 8 * ( i %4)) & 0xFF) << 16)
| (((binarray[i+1 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i+1)%4)) & 0xFF) << 8 )
| ((binarray[i+2 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i+2)%4)) & 0xFF);
for(var j = 0; j < 4; j++)
{
if(i * 8 + j * 6 > binarray.length * 32) str += b64pad;
else str += tab.charAt((triplet >> 6*(3-j)) & 0x3F);
}
}
return str;
}
2、在index.html中，引入MD5.js
<script href="<%= BASE_URL %>js/md5.js" rel="external nofollow" ></script>
3、使用方法
/** * 前端调用 MD5 加密算法 * KEY 是盐值，让密码更为复杂 */ user.value.password = hexMd5(user.value.password + KEY);
spring自带MD5加密，直接引用工具类DigestUtils就可以
user1.setPassword(DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(user.getUserCode().getBytes()));
以下是工具类DigestUtils的源码，不需要的可以直接忽略。
/*
* Copyright 2002-2020 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/**
* Miscellaneous methods for calculating digests.
*
* <p>Mainly for internal use within the framework; consider
* <a href="https://commons.apache.org/codec/" rel="external nofollow" >Apache Commons Codec</a>
* for a more comprehensive suite of digest utilities.
*
* @author Arjen Poutsma
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @author Craig Andrews
* @since 3.0
*/
public abstract class DigestUtils {
private static final String MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME = "MD5";
private static final char[] HEX_CHARS =
{'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
/**
* Calculate the MD5 digest of the given bytes.
* @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
* @return the digest
*/
public static byte[] md5Digest(byte[] bytes) {
return digest(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes);
}
/**
* Calculate the MD5 digest of the given stream.
* <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
* @param inputStream the InputStream to calculate the digest over
* @return the digest
* @since 4.2
*/
public static byte[] md5Digest(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
return digest(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream);
}
/**
* Return a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given bytes.
* @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
* @return a hexadecimal digest string
*/
public static String md5DigestAsHex(byte[] bytes) {
return digestAsHexString(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes);
}
/**
* Return a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given stream.
* <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
* @param inputStream the InputStream to calculate the digest over
* @return a hexadecimal digest string
* @since 4.2
*/
public static String md5DigestAsHex(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
return digestAsHexString(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream);
}
/**
* Append a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given
* bytes to the given {@link StringBuilder}.
* @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
* @param builder the string builder to append the digest to
* @return the given string builder
*/
public static StringBuilder appendMd5DigestAsHex(byte[] bytes, StringBuilder builder) {
return appendDigestAsHex(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes, builder);
}
/**
* Append a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given
* inputStream to the given {@link StringBuilder}.
* <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
* @param inputStream the inputStream to calculate the digest over
* @param builder the string builder to append the digest to
* @return the given string builder
* @since 4.2
*/
public static StringBuilder appendMd5DigestAsHex(InputStream inputStream, StringBuilder builder) throws IOException {
return appendDigestAsHex(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream, builder);
}
/**
* Create a new {@link MessageDigest} with the given algorithm.
* <p>Necessary because {@code MessageDigest} is not thread-safe.
*/
private static MessageDigest getDigest(String algorithm) {
try {
return MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm);
}
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find MessageDigest with algorithm \"" + algorithm + "\"", ex);
}
}
private static byte[] digest(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
return getDigest(algorithm).digest(bytes);
}
private static byte[] digest(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
MessageDigest messageDigest = getDigest(algorithm);
if (inputStream instanceof UpdateMessageDigestInputStream){
((UpdateMessageDigestInputStream) inputStream).updateMessageDigest(messageDigest);
return messageDigest.digest();
}
else {
final byte[] buffer = new byte[StreamUtils.BUFFER_SIZE];
int bytesRead = -1;
while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
messageDigest.update(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
return messageDigest.digest();
}
}
private static String digestAsHexString(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, bytes);
return new String(hexDigest);
}
private static String digestAsHexString(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, inputStream);
return new String(hexDigest);
}
private static StringBuilder appendDigestAsHex(String algorithm, byte[] bytes, StringBuilder builder) {
char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, bytes);
return builder.append(hexDigest);
}
private static StringBuilder appendDigestAsHex(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream, StringBuilder builder)
throws IOException {
char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, inputStream);
return builder.append(hexDigest);
}
private static char[] digestAsHexChars(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
byte[] digest = digest(algorithm, bytes);
return encodeHex(digest);
}
private static char[] digestAsHexChars(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
byte[] digest = digest(algorithm, inputStream);
return encodeHex(digest);
}
private static char[] encodeHex(byte[] bytes) {
char[] chars = new char[32];
for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i = i + 2) {
byte b = bytes[i / 2];
chars[i] = HEX_CHARS[(b >>> 0x4) & 0xf];
chars[i + 1] = HEX_CHARS[b & 0xf];
}
return chars;
}
}
