伴随着互联网的飞速发展,网络购书系统作为电子商务的一种形式,正以其高效、低成本的优势逐步成为新兴的经营模式,人们已经不再满足互联网的用途仅仅局限于信息的浏览和发布,更渴望着能够充分享受互联网所带来的更多便利。网络购书系统正适应了当今社会的快节奏生活,使更多顾客可以足不出户就能方便快捷地购买自己喜欢的图书。
使用Java语言编写一个基于控制台的购书系统,实现购书功能。输出所有图书的信息:每本书的编号、书名、单价、库存。
在顾客购买书时,根据提示输入图书编号来选购需要的书,并根据提示输入购买书的数量。 购买完毕后输出顾客的订单信息,包括:订单号、订单明细、订单总额。
/* 定义图书类 */ public class Book { private int id; private String name; private double price; private int stock; //无参构造 public Book() { } //带四个参数的构造 public Book(int id, String name, double price, int stock) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.price = price; this.stock = stock; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } public int getStock() { return stock; } public void setStock(int stock) { this.stock = stock; } }
/* 定义订单项类 */ public class OrderItem { private Book book; private int num; public OrderItem() { } public OrderItem(Book book, int num) { this.book = book; this.num = num; } public Book getBook() { return book; } public void setBook(Book book) { this.book = book; } public int getNum() { return num; } public void setNum(int num) { this.num = num; } }
/* 订单类 */ public class Order { private String orderID; private OrderItem[] items = new OrderItem[3]; private double totalMoney; public Order() { } public Order(String orderID) { this.orderID = orderID; } public String getOrderID() { return orderID; } public void setOrderID(String orderID) { this.orderID = orderID; } public OrderItem[] getItems() { return items; } public void setItems(int i,OrderItem item) { items[i]=item; } public double getTotalMoney() { for (int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { totalMoney += items[i].getNum()*items[i].getBook().getPrice(); } return totalMoney; } }
/* 打印图书信息的方法 */ private static void printBooks(Book[] books) { books[0]=new Book(1,"Java2实用教程",10,20); books[1]=new Book(2,"计算机网络原理",20,20); books[2]=new Book(3,"概率论数理统计",30,20); System.out.println("图书编号\t图书名称\t\t\t图书单价\t图书库存"); for (int i = 0; i < books.length; i++) { Book b=books[i]; System.out.println("\t"+b.getId() +"\t\t"+b.getName()+"\t\t"+b.getPrice()+"\t\t"+b.getStock()); } }
/* 购买图书的方法 */ private static Order buy(Book[] books) { Order order = new Order("001"); Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); for (int i = 0; i < books.length; i++) { System.out.println("请输入图书的编号:"); int id = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("请输入购买的数量:"); int num = sc.nextInt(); OrderItem item = new OrderItem(books[id-1],num); order.setItems(i,item); } return order; }
/* 打印订单信息方法 */ private static void printInfo(Order order) { System.out.println("订单编号:"+order.getOrderID()); System.out.println("图书名称\t\t图书单价\t购买的数量"); OrderItem[] items = order.getItems(); for (int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) { System.out.println(items[i].getBook().getName()+"\t"+items[i].getBook().getPrice()+"\t\t"+items[i].getNum()); } System.out.println("----------------------------------"); System.out.println("总金额:"+order.getTotalMoney()); }
public static void main(String[] args) { Book[] books = new Book[3]; //调用打印图书信息的方法 printBooks(books); //调用购买图书的方法 Order order = buy(books); //调用打印订单信息方法 printInfo(order); }
通过本实例学会分析“基于控制台的购书系统”程序任务实现的逻辑思路,掌握并理解面向对象的程序设计,包和访问控制修饰符的使用。