Oracle 11.2 RAC on Redhat 6.5 安装最佳实践

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Oracle 11.2 RAC on Redhat 6.5 安装最佳实践

Billows-yuwei   2020-03-16 我要评论

本文讲述了在Redhat 6.5 上安装Oracle 11.2 RAC的详细步骤，是一篇step by step指南，全文没有什么技术难度，只要一步步跟着做就一定能安装成功。

环境介绍
分类 项目 说明
虚拟环境 配置 virtual box创建的两台虚拟机，3G内存1核
具体网络IP地址  

#public ip
192.168.0.11 vastdata3
192.168.0.12 vastdata4

#virtaul ip
192.168.0.22 vastdata3
192.168.0.23 vastdata4

#private ip
10.0.0.2 vastdata3
10.0.0.3 vastdata3

10.0.0.4 vastdata4
10.0.0.5 vastdata4

#vastdata-scan
192.168.0.200
数据库 Oracle版本 Oracle 11.2 64位
  运行模式 RAC
  ORACLE ASM

DATA 5G * 1
FRA 5G * 2
  数据库软件

p10404530_112030_LINUX_1of7.zip
p10404530_112030_LINUX_2of7.zip
p10404530_112030_LINUX_3of7.zip

1.搭建RAC架构前的准备工作

1.1安装VirtualBox自带的增强功能（与VMware虚拟机的VM Tools功能相仿）

当前系统无法建立内核模块，运行Linux内核头文件：

yum install kernel-devel-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

 

特别注意：设置共享剪切板和拖放的选项是双向，重启虚拟机后，即可复制粘贴文本，拖放文件。

1.2关闭一系列服务

关闭防火墙

service iptables stop（当前关闭，重启无效）
chkconfig iptables off（更改文件，重启生效）

关闭网络管理服务

service NetworkManager stop
chkconfig NetworkManager off

1.3修改配置文件信息

修改selinux设置

vim /etc/selinux/config

　　修改内核设置

vim /etc/grub.conf

1.4配置网络：绑定网卡

1.4.1相关概念

Bonding(绑定)是一种Linux系统下的网卡绑定技术，可以把服务器上n个物理网卡在系统内部抽象(绑定)成一个逻辑上的网卡，能够提升网络吞吐量、实现网络冗余、负载等功能，有很多优势。 Bonding 技术是 Linux 系统内核层面实现的，它是一个内核模块(驱动)。使用它需要系统有这个模块，我们可以modinfo命令查看下这个模块的信息，一般来说都支持。

1.4.2工作模式

Bonding提供了7种工作模式，在使用的时候需要指定一种，每种有各自的优缺点。在这里仅粗略介绍3种工作模式：
mode=0 balance-rr 默认。有高可用（容错）和负载均衡的功能，需要交换机的配置，每块网卡轮询发包（流量分发比较均衡）
mode=1 active-backup 只有高可用功能，不需要交换机配置，这种模式只有一块网卡工作，对外只有一个MAC地址。缺点是端利用口率比较低
mode=6 balance-alb 有高可用 ( 容错 ) 和负载均衡的功能，不需要交换机配置 ( 流量分发到每个接口不是特别均衡 )

1.4.3绑定步骤

关闭虚拟机，添加一块物理网卡设备，重启虚拟机。

 

 

 1.4.4.1加载Bonding模块

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# modprobe --first-time bonding

 1.4.4.2查看模块是否被加载

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# lsmod | grep bonding

 1.4.4.3创建基于bond0接口的配置文件 

[root@vastdata4 named]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
TYPE=Bond
IPADDR=192.168.0.12
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
USERCTL=no
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
BONDING_MASTER=yes
BONDING_OPTS="mode=0 miimon=100"      ---工作模式、监视网络链接的频度（毫秒）

 1.4.4.4修改eth0接口的配置文件 

[root@vastdata4 named]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
USERCTL=no
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
BOOTPROTO=none

 1.4.4.5修改eth1接口的配置文件

[root@vastdata4 named]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
USERCTL=no
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
BOOTPROTO=none

 1.4.4.6追加dist.conf配置文件

[root@vastdata4 named]# vim /etc/modprobe.dhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dist.conf
alias bond0 bonding
options bonding miimon=100 mode=0

 1.4.4.7测试

重启网络服务 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# service network restart

查看bond0接口的状态信息

[root@vastdata4 named]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.6.0 (September 26, 2009)
Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin)
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 08:00:27:ef:f6:15
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 1
Permanent HW addr: 08:00:27:82:3a:57
Slave queue ID: 0

 1.4.4.8查看网卡信息

[root@vastdata4 named]# ifconfig
bond0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:EF:F6:15  
          inet addr:192.168.0.12  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feef:f615/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:348 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:376 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:32868 (32.0 KiB)  TX bytes:25441 (24.8 KiB)
  
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:EF:F6:15  
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:321 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:188 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:31248 (30.5 KiB)  TX bytes:12386 (12.0 KiB)
  
eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:EF:F6:15  
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:27 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:188 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1620 (1.5 KiB)  TX bytes:13055 (12.7 KiB)
  
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:16325 (15.9 KiB)  TX bytes:16325 (15.9 KiB)

1.5添加private私网物理网卡设备

添加两块物理网卡设备，桥接网络，10.0.0.0网段，修改配置文件，重启网络服务。

1.6配置DNS

1.6.1配置主域名解析服务器

1.6.1.1通过yum安装

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# yum install bind bind-chroot -y

1.6.1.2修改DNS主配置文件

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cd /etc/
[root@vastdata3 etc]# vim named.conf
[root@vastdata3 etc]# cp -p named.conf named.conf.bak
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cat /etc/named.conf
//
// named.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS
// server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/sharehttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//
options {
    listen-on port 53 { any; };
    directory   "/var/named";
        allow-query     { any; };
    allow-query-cache     { any; };
    recursion no;
};
  
zone "." IN {
    type hint;
    file "named.ca";
};
  
zone "us.oracle.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "us.oracle.com.zone";
}
  
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.local";
};

1.6.1.3配置正向域名解析文件 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cd /var/named/
[root@vastdata3 named]# cp -p named.localhost us.oracle.com.zone
[root@vastdata3 named]# cp -p us.oracle.com.zone 192.0.2.local
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cat /var/named/us.oracle.com.zone 
$TTL 1D
@   IN SOA  vastdata3.us.oracle.com.     root.us.oracle.com. (
                       0   ; serial
                       1D  ; refresh
                       1H  ; retry
                       1W  ; expire
                       3H )    ; minimum
               NS     dns.us.oracle.com.
vastdata3           A     192.168.0.11
vastdata4           A     192.168.0.12
vastdata-scan         A     192.168.0.33
vastdata-scan         A     192.168.0.34
vastdata-scan           A     192.168.0.35
dns               A     192.168.0.44
vastdata3-vip         A     192.168.0.22
vastdata4-vip         A     192.168.0.23
vastdata3-priv1        A     10.0.0.2
vastdata3-priv2        A     10.0.0.3
vastdata4-priv1        A     10.0.0.4
vastdata4-priv2        A     10.0.0.5

1.6.1.4配置反向域名解析文件

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cat /var/named/192.168.0.local 
$TTL 1D
@   IN SOA  vastdata3.us.oracle.com.     root.us.oracle.com. (
                       0   ; serial
                       1D  ; refresh
                       1H  ; retry
                       1W  ; expire
                       3H )    ; minimum
           IN NS   dns.us.oracle.com.
11         IN PTR  vastdata3.us.oracle.com.
12         IN PTR  vastdata4.us.oracle.com.
33         IN PTR  vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com.
34         IN PTR  vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com.
35         IN PTR  vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com.
44         IN PTR  dns
22         IN PTR  vastdata-vip.us.oracle.com.
23         IN PTR  vastdata-vip.us.oracle.com.

1.6.1.5重启网络服务

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# service network restart

1.6.1.6重启named服务并设置为开机启动 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# service named restart
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# chkconfig named on
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# chkconfig named --list

1.6.1.7解析测试 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# nslookup vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Server:     192.168.0.12
Address:    192.168.0.12#53
  
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 192.168.0.34
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 192.168.0.35
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address: 192.168.0.33

1.6.2配置从域名解析服务器 

它作为主域名解析服务器的辅助和备份服务器，自身不建立区域文件，而是从主域名解析服务器中查询并保存域名信息。

它可以与主域名解析服务器提供相同的解析服务，须在不同于主域名解析服务器的主机中构建。

1.6.2.1修改从域名解析服务器的主配置文件

[root@vastdata4 ~]# cd /etc/
[root@vastdata4 etc]# cat named.conf 
//
// named.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS
// server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/sharehttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//
options {
    directory   "/var/named";
        allow-query     { any; };
    recursion no;
};
zone "us.oracle.com" IN {
        type slave;
        file "slave/us.oracle.com.zone";
        masters { 192.168.0.11; };
        allow-transfer { none; };
};
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type slave;
        file "slave/192.168.0.rev";
        masters { 192.168.0.11; };
};

type设置为"slave"，代表当前DNS服务器是该域的从域名服务器类型，区域文件应从主域名解析服务器中获取，并保存在"slaves"子目录中，为便于管理，尽量使用与主服务器相同的区域文件名。使用master设置主域名解析服务器的IP地址。

1.6.2.2修改 resolv.conf配置文件

[root@vastdata4 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
# Generated by NetworkManager
search us.oracle.com
# No nameservers found; try putting DNS servers into your
# ifcfg files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts like so:
#
# DNS1=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DNS2=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DOMAIN=lab.foo.com bar.foo.com
  
nameserver 192.168.0.11

1.6.2.3启动named服务

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# service named start

1.6.2.4解析测试

[root@vastdata4 ~]# service named restart
Stopping named:                         [  OK  ]
Starting named:                         [  OK  ]
[root@vastdata4 ~]# nslookup vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Server:     192.168.0.11
Address:     192.168.0.11#53
  
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address:  192.168.0.33
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address:  192.168.0.34
Name:   vastdata-scan.us.oracle.com
Address:  192.168.0.35

1.7配置操作环境


1.7.1配置yum源

[oel6] 
name=OEL6.5 
baseurl=file:///media/OL6.5\ x86_64\ Disc\ 1\ 20131125 
gpgcheck=0 
enabled=1

1.7.2安装RPM包

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 iptraf gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc elfutils-libelf-devel compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 libaio-devel ksh libgcc libstdc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel -y

1.7.3配置hosts文件

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1      localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.0.11 vastdata3.us.oracle.com vastdata3
192.168.0.12 vastdata4.us.oracle.com vastdata4
# vastdata3
192.168.0.11       vastdata3.us.oracle.com                 vastdata3
192.168.0.22       vastdata3-vip.us.oracle.com             vastdata3-vip
10.0.0.2           vastdata3-priv1.us.oracle.com           vastdata3-priv1
10.0.0.3           vastdata3-priv2.us.oracle.com           vastdata3-priv2
  
# vastdata4
192.168.0.12       vastdata4.us.oracle.com                 vastdata4
192.168.0.23       vastdata4-vip.us.oracle.com             vastdata4-vip
10.0.0.4           vastdata4-priv1.us.oracle.com           vastdata4-priv1
10.0.0.5           vastdata4-priv2.us.oracle.com           vastdata4-priv2

1.7.4内核参数 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
net.core.rmem_default = 262144 
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 
net.core.wmem_default = 262144 
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 
fs.file-max = 6815744 
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  


sysctl -p

1.7.5资源限制 

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf 
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768

1.7.6添加用户组 

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall 
groupadd -g 1001 dba 
groupadd -g 1002 oper 
groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin 
groupadd -g 1004 asmoper 
groupadd -g 1005 asmdba

1.7.7添加用户 

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper   grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba   oracle
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
echo "grid" | passwd --stdin grid
id oracle
id grid

1.7.8创建目录结构 

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0
chmod -R 775 /u01

1.7.9 grid环境变量

export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=vastdata3.us.oracle.com
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
umask 022

1.7.10 oracle环境变量

export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=vastdata3.us.oracle.com
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/db_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=PROD
export ORACLE_SID=PROD1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib 
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
umask 022

1.8配置共享存储 

关闭虚拟机vastdata3，添加三块新硬盘，并设置为共享模式。 

 

 

1.9配置裸设备

Linux LVM磁盘管理---添加新LVM卷

借鉴博客： https:/https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dengqsintyt.iteye.com/blog/2067682

查看卷组信息

[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# fdisk -l
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# vim 1.sh 
for i in b c d ; 
do
echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\"" >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 
done
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# ./1.sh 
[root@vastdata3 Desktop]# cd /etc/udev/rules.d/
[root@vastdata3 rules.d]# cat 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB2680d530-c583f8b5", NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBe77d7ca0-4aa70692", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB310ff0af-753c18fd", NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
[root@vastdata3 rules.d]# start_udev
Starting udev:                              [  OK  ]
[root@vastdata3 rules.d]# ls -al https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/asm-disk*
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Feb 23 13:33 https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/asm-diskb
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Feb 23 13:33 https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/asm-diskc
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Feb 23 13:33 https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/asm-diskd

1.10配置互信

root、grid、oracle，这三个用户都需要配置互信，以及与自己配置互信

[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ad:42:c0:ec:fe:ff:2d:65:7c:e7:15:8d:d0:2e:b6:38 root@vastdata3.us.oracle.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|             .   |
|   o        . .  |
|    +        o ..|
|   . .   .  o o..|
|    . . S .+ o  .|
|   . .   .E = . o|
|    . . .  + . o.|
|     . .  ..    .|
|      .......    |
+-----------------+
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# vim authorized_keys
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub 
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA4XqACcwy7PFGTrTASe+GT7fAWs05qXSm9QnW3JaW6e13tmmqqJq0yw2GEXEDQX3r435QHCWtkSpV20pzPBNowD4UrypBeQZ2VzQf9lC1KGmpk2I9t+0F2jMPXr5ja1pqkSUdfE3JdjJ9CS52mgrAB22/NVLeJcka1XVvACERPjtiJRkhEA6ZLxO1bZdKbI1U7Eylb48JMgYieYugpob9NIzi0x9Ea70XXOMl/DnTYLeWIvfzofIg0bDoRRdbzxZ7PaDAdHKv5uXxQCj7IGiM6q5uFlJ7P+ArL6NkJ1+nGc701k6I6yenYGbsdue8MeCOJMVE6vwLuv7c1ZtgDfaxmQ== root@vastdata3.us.oracle.com
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# vim id_rsa.pub 
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# service sshd restart
Stopping sshd:                                             [  OK  ]
Starting sshd:                                             [  OK  ]
[root@vastdata3 .ssh]# ssh vastdata4
The authenticity of host 'vastdata4 (192.168.0.12)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 7e:6e:17:ad:83:5d:a4:45:5b:9d:08:9a:dc:1a:ef:97.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'vastdata4,192.168.0.12' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Last login: Sun Feb 24 03:05:45 2019 from 192.168.0.11
[root@vastdata4 ~]# exit
logout
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
91:fc:e4:40:6e:f3:7a:6d:b8:10:24:f9:af:5d:4a:53 root@vastdata4.us.oracle.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|        .        |
|       = .       |
|      o X .      |
|       = O       |
|        S + E    |
|         + +     |
|        o * +    |
|         * *     |
|        . +      |
+-----------------+
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub 
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAsCfzE90pETKTJZKnIuXT/E27P16AEeejAvZzhySB03f7N75ck6YDlnwbJDn/R+mEU4y4+sBof6lX6QemIZx71NZMUM1W7Si9U2Ugi7vkDtSrXaPTmLGxTOFUhWOD6dMru0FvL+e19GYexWDppGzLdVi7JlaPQzK3DVWWKEzPl3RXsjmtRrApJNjvj62zeq7sU9jBbgP1eDeB59ooda6VAY5mWq7vrBROhLtMiEEfHb34ooVvzc8lU3dZLfVVtklvSE+119f9Fvu6N0pIXPko415oTkIS7NwEGghs0AUXcdy9aM/mj44qkZF88xcm/FwiSHGShvNQcEUJoVP8yxU6Vw== root@vastdata4.us.oracle.com
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# vim authorized_keys 
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# service sshd restart
Stopping sshd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting sshd:                                             [  OK  ]
[root@vastdata4 .ssh]# ssh vastdata3
The authenticity of host 'vastdata3 (192.168.0.11)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is f1:32:75:99:4a:b0:50:25:2f:74:44:fb:fa:b2:08:c9.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'vastdata3,192.168.0.11' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@vastdata3's password: 
Last login: Sun Feb 24 01:53:39 2019 from 192.168.0.11
[root@vastdata3 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to vastdata3 closed.

2.正式搭建RAC架构
2.1安装GI前，检测环境是否准备妥当

[grid@vastdata3 grid]$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n vastdata4,vastdata3 -fixup -verbose
Performing pre-checks for cluster services setup 
Checking node reachability...
  
Check: Node reachability from node "vastdata3"
  Destination Node                      Reachable?              
  ------------------------------------  ------------------------
  vastdata4                             yes                     
  vastdata3                             yes                     
Result: Node reachability check passed from node "vastdata3"
Checking user equivalence...
Check: User equivalence for user "grid"
  Node Name                             Status                  
  ------------------------------------  ------------------------
  vastdata4                             passed                  
  vastdata3                             passed                  
Result: User equivalence check passed for user "grid"
...
...
Checking DNS response time for an unreachable node
  Node Name                             Status                  
  ------------------------------------  ------------------------
  vastdata4                             passed                  
  vastdata3                             passed                  
The DNS response time for an unreachable node is within acceptable limit on all nodes
  
File "/etc/resolv.conf" is consistent across nodes
  
Check: Time zone consistency 
Result: Time zone consistency check passed
  
Pre-check for cluster services setup was unsuccessful on all the nodes.

2.2安装GI 

[grid@vastdata3 grid]$ ./runInstaller

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 2.2.1查看集群资源，除gsd未加载外，其余功能均已加载

[grid@vastdata3 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      vastdata3                                    
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      vastdata4                                    
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.vastdata3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.vastdata4.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
[grid@vastdata3 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t -init
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                Started             
ora.cluster_interconnect.haip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.crf
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.crsd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.cssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.cssdmonitor
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.ctssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                OBSERVER            
ora.diskmon
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                                                   
ora.drivers.acfs
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.evmd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.gipcd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.gpnpd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.mdnsd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3

1.2.2在主DNS服务器重启后则变成active，否则就是观望者（observer）

关闭两台机器的时间同步功能：

rm -rf /etc/ntp.conf
rm -rf /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

1.2.3查看ASM磁盘组的状况

[grid@vastdata3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
  
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Feb 24 10:44:47 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
  
SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;
  
INSTANCE_NAME
--------------------------------
+ASM1
                                                                                                                                                                                                    SQL> select instance_name from gv$instance;
  
INSTANCE_NAME
--------------------------------
+ASM1
+ASM2

3.仅安装数据库软件

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 4.配置ASM磁盘

 

 

 5.安装RAC数据库

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 6.检查集群和数据库运行状态

[grid@vastdata3 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.FRA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      vastdata3                                    
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      vastdata4                                    
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.registry.acfs
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
               ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.prod.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                Open                
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                Open                
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.vastdata3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata3                                    
ora.vastdata4.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       vastdata4                                    
[grid@vastdata3 ~]$


[oracle@vastdata3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Feb 24 12:12:40 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
  
SQL> select instance_name,status from gv$instance;
  
INSTANCE_NAME           STATUS
-------------------------------- ------------------------
PROD1               OPEN
PROD2               OPEN

至此，Oracle RAC架构搭建完成。

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