REST介绍
传统风格资源描述形式
REST风格描述形式
优点
RESTful介绍
按照REST风格访问资源时使用==行为动作==区分对资源进行了何种操作
根据REST风格对资源进行访问称为RESTful
注意事项
快速入门
做法：在Controller中定义方法时设定"http请求动作(请求方式)"和"设定请求参数（路径变量）"
@Controller
public class UserController {
//设置当前请求方法为POST，表示REST风格中的添加操作
@RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String save(){
System.out.println("user save...");
return "{'module':'user save'}";
}
//设置当前请求方法为DELETE，表示REST风格中的删除操作
//@PathVariable注解用于设置路径变量（路径参数），要求路径上设置对应的占位符，并且占位符名称与方法形参名称相同
@RequestMapping(value = "/users/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@ResponseBody
public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("user delete..." + id);
return "{'module':'user delete'}";
}
//设置当前请求方法为PUT，表示REST风格中的修改操作
@RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@ResponseBody
public String update(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println("user update..."+user);
return "{'module':'user update'}";
}
//设置当前请求方法为GET，表示REST风格中的查询操作
//@PathVariable注解用于设置路径变量（路径参数），要求路径上设置对应的占位符，并且占位符名称与方法形参名称相同
@RequestMapping(value = "/users/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String getById(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("user getById..."+id);
return "{'module':'user getById'}";
}
//设置当前请求方法为GET，表示REST风格中的查询操作
@RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String getAll(){
System.out.println("user getAll...");
return "{'module':'user getAll'}";
}
}@PathVariable介绍
@RequestBody、@RequestParam、@PathVariable区别和应用
区别
应用
代码中的问题
以上截图中的代码和之前写的UserController中的方法类似，其中图中两个方法都有三处是有问题的，可以进行优化。存在的问题如下：
Rest快速开发
解决以上三个问题
解决问题1：在Controller类上使用@RequestMapping定义共同的访问路径。
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book save..." + book);
return "{'module':'book save'}";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("book delete..." + id);
return "{'module':'book delete'}";
}
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public String update(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book update..."+book);
return "{'module':'book update'}";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getById(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("book getById..."+id);
return "{'module':'book getById'}";
}
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getAll(){
System.out.println("book getAll...");
return "{'module':'book getAll'}";
}
}解决问题2：使用@GetMapping @PostMapping @PutMapping @DeleteMapping代替@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.XXX)
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
// @RequestMapping( method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PostMapping//使用@PostMapping简化Post请求方法对应的映射配置
public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book save..." + book);
return "{'module':'book save'}";
}
// @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@DeleteMapping("/{id}") //使用@DeleteMapping简化DELETE请求方法对应的映射配置
public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("book delete..." + id);
return "{'module':'book delete'}";
}
// @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@PutMapping //使用@PutMapping简化Put请求方法对应的映射配置
public String update(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book update..."+book);
return "{'module':'book update'}";
}
// @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
@GetMapping("/{id}") //使用@GetMapping简化GET请求方法对应的映射配置
public String getById(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("book getById..."+id);
return "{'module':'book getById'}";
}
// @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
@GetMapping //使用@GetMapping简化GET请求方法对应的映射配置
public String getAll(){
System.out.println("book getAll...");
return "{'module':'book getAll'}";
}
}解决问题3：在Controller类上使用@RestController注解，等同于@Controller与@ResponseBody两个注解组合功能
@RestController //使用@RestController注解替换@Controller与@ResponseBody注解，简化书写
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
//方法省略了没写
}案例效果和环境准备
案例效果
环境准备
//POJO实体类
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String type;
private String name;
private String description;
//重写getter、setter、toString()方法...
}//SpringMVC容器初始化类
public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[0];
}
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
}
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//乱码处理
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
return new Filter[]{filter};
}
}//SpringMVC配置类
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.moming.controller","com.moming.config"})
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}代码实现
制作SpringMVC控制器，并通过PostMan测试接口功能
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@PostMapping
public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book save ==> "+ book);
return "{'module':'book save success'}";
}
@GetMapping
public List<Book> getAll(){
System.out.println("book getAll is running ...");
List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();
Book book1 = new Book();
book1.setType("计算机");
book1.setName("SpringMVC入门教程");
book1.setDescription("小试牛刀");
bookList.add(book1);
Book book2 = new Book();
book2.setType("计算机");
book2.setName("SpringMVC实战教程");
book2.setDescription("一代宗师");
bookList.add(book2);
Book book3 = new Book();
book3.setType("计算机丛书");
book3.setName("SpringMVC实战教程进阶");
book3.setDescription("一代宗师呕心创作");
bookList.add(book3);
return bookList;
}
}
静态页面资源(REST功能页面)
链接：链接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1u9GSGrDejwDDbFAe_inEGQ?pwd=aaey
设置对静态资源的访问放行
@Configuration
public class SpringMvcSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
//设置静态资源访问过滤，当前类需要设置为配置类，并被扫描加载
@Override
protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
//当访问/pages/????时候，从/pages目录下查找内容
registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**")
.addResourceLocations("/pages/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**")
.addResourceLocations("/js/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**")
.addResourceLocations("/css/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**")
.addResourceLocations("/plugins/");
}
}books.html前端页面通过异步提交访问后台控制器
//添加
saveBook () {
axios.post("/books",this.formData).then((res)=>{
});
},
//主页列表查询
getAll() {
axios.get("/books").then((res)=>{
this.dataList = res.data;
});
},
